Photostimulation Applications to Increase Spermatological Parameters

Abstract

Today, it is an important issue to preserve genetic resources and transfer them to future years. The process of freezing semen, which has a wide range of uses such as reproductive biotechnology, protection of the lineage of species and clinical applications, is of great importance in this sense. Freezing the semen in a way that will provide sufficient fertility will make artificial insemination practices more practical and economical, and more accurate and reliable pedigree records will be kept. In addition, it will be possible to use animals with high genetic capacity in large populations. During the freezing-thawing of sperm, membrane lipid phase change, osmotic-mechanical stress and free oxygen radicals occur. As a result, structural deformations in membrane structures and cell organelles and breaks in DNA occur. These negative effects can be reduced by adding antioxidants, various cryoprotectants and chemical substances to semen extenders, and sperm functions are improved after solution. The developments in the light of recent research have been in the direction of increasing the fertility abilities of sperm cells in the cryopreservation process by irradiating them in different spectrum areas. On the other hand, lasers are involved in many areas of our lives due to their linearity, single wavelength, stable radiation and high power. Laser sources are gaining more and more acceptance in various industries thanks to their narrow focusing advantages. Recently, it has been shown that under intense radiation of red LED (Light Emitting Diode) lights, the resistance and capacitation of porcine sperm cells increase in vitro and fertility ability increases in vivo. Consistent results have also been obtained in species such as humans, dogs, bulls, rams and rabbits using devices and systems such as low-energy laser and visible light lamps with wavelengths ranging from 400 nm to 800 nm.