Abstract
We present an experimental study of the photorefractive effect in a multifunctional carbazole trimer sensitized with 2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone. The trimer consists of a central carbazole ring which is conjugated with two 6-dicyanovinylcarbazoles through ethynylene groups. It exhibits intrinsically photocarrier transporting, electro-optic, film-forming, and room-temperature poling properties. Photorefractive effect at a wavelength of 633 nm was demonstrated by measuring the phase shift of refractive index and asymmetric energy transfer in a two-beam coupling experiment. A large net photorefractive gain coefficient (Γ-α) of 76/cm was obtained in a sensitizer-optimized material. A four-wave mixing experiment was carried out to measure the magnitude of index modulation and dynamics of the grating formation.
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