Abstract
Semiconductor microcavity polaritons, formed via strong exciton-photon coupling, provide a quantum many-body system on a chip, featuring rich physics phenomena for better photonic technology. However, conventional polariton cavities are bulky, difficult to integrate, and inflexible for mode control, especially for room-temperature materials. Here we demonstrate sub-wavelength-thick, one-dimensional photonic crystals as a designable, compact, and practical platform for strong coupling with atomically thin van der Waals crystals. Polariton dispersions and mode anti-crossings are measured up to room temperature. Non-radiative decay to dark excitons is suppressed due to polariton enhancement of the radiative decay. Unusual features, including highly anisotropic dispersions and adjustable Fano resonances in reflectance, may facilitate high temperature polariton condensation in variable dimensions. Combining slab photonic crystals and van der Waals crystals in the strong coupling regime allows unprecedented engineering flexibility for exploring novel polariton phenomena and device concepts.
Highlights
Semiconductor microcavity polaritons, formed via strong exciton-photon coupling, provide a quantum many-body system on a chip, featuring rich physics phenomena for better photonic technology
Conventional polariton system are based on vertical Fabry Perot (FP) cavities made of thick stacks of planar, distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs), which have no free design parameter for mode engineering and are relatively rigid and bulky against postprocessing
Suppressed non-radiative decay to dark excitons due to the polaritonic enhancement is observed. We show that these polaritons have anisotropic polariton dispersions and adjustable reflectance, suggesting greater flexibility in controlling the excitations in the system to reaching van der Waals crystals (vdWCs)-polariton condensation at lower densities in variable dimensions
Summary
Semiconductor microcavity polaritons, formed via strong exciton-photon coupling, provide a quantum many-body system on a chip, featuring rich physics phenomena for better photonic technology. Numerous novel types of many-body quantum states with polaritons and polariton quantum technologies have been conceived, such as topological polaritons[4,5,6], polariton neurons[7], non-classical state generators[8,9,10], and quantum simulators[11,12,13] Their implementation require confined and coupled polariton systems with engineered properties, which, on one hand, can be created by engineering the optical component of the strongly coupled modes, on the other hand, is difficult experimentally using conventional polariton systems. Suppressed non-radiative decay to dark excitons due to the polaritonic enhancement is observed We show that these polaritons have anisotropic polariton dispersions and adjustable reflectance, suggesting greater flexibility in controlling the excitations in the system to reaching vdWC-polariton condensation at lower densities in variable dimensions. Extension to more elaborate PC designs and 2D PCs will facilitate research on polariton physics and devices beyond 2D condensates
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