Abstract
Graphene was the first two dimension (2D) material demonstrated as temporal modulator in fiber laser system more than a decade ago. Following its success, other types of 2D materials with comparable and superior performance were discovered. In this review, we outlined the types of optical modulation into wavelength, amplitude, polarization, phase and temporal modulation. We also discussed each modulation working principles along with its fiber laser configuration. Additionally, we compiled each modulator’s performance based on a wide range of 2D materials that were published recently. Some novel and emerging materials such as quantum dot (QD), one dimension (1D), three dimension (3D), composite and organic materials were highlighted.
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