Photoinduced and Classical Sol-Gel Synthesis: Spectral and Photophysical Behavior of Silica Matrix Doped by Novel Fluorescent Dye Based on Boron Difluoride Complex.

Jameelah Al-Harby,Sadeq M Al-Hazmy,Haja Tar

doi:10.3390/polym13162743

Abstract

The boron difluoride complex is known as an extraordinary class of fluorescent dyes, which has attracted research interest because of its excellent properties. This article reports the optical properties such as absorption, fluorescence, molar absorptivity, and photo-physical parameters like dipole moment, and oscillator strength of new fluorescent organic dye based on boron difluoride complex 2-(1-(difluoroboraneyl)-1,2-dihydroquinolin-2-yl)-2-(1-methylquinoxalin-2-ylidene) acetonitrile (DBDMA). The spectral characterization of the dye was measured in sol-gel glass, photosol-gel, and organic–inorganic matrices. The absorption and fluorescence properties of DBDMA in sol-gel glass matrices were compared with each other. Compared with the classical sol-gel, it was noticed that the photosol-gel matrix is the best one with immobilized DBDMA. In the latter, a large stokes shift was obtained (97 nm) and a high fluorescence quantum yield of 0.5. Special attention was paid to the addition of gold NPs into the hybrid material. The fluorescence emission intensity of the DBDMA with and without gold nanoparticles in different solid media is described, and that displayed organic–inorganic matrix behavior is the best host.

Highlights

Organic dyes are fluorescent molecules with an appropriate high molecular weight, characterized by containing extended systems of conjugated double bonds, i.e., separated by one bond at most (-C=C-C=C)
The problems posed by liquid dye lasers stimulated a further consideration approach, and in the early 1990s the development of improved host materials with higher laser-damage resistance [3,4] and the synthesis of new highperformance laser dyes [5,6]
More effort has been devoted to incorporating organic laser dyes into various host matrices with the aim of developing solid state dye laser materials that could eventually replace liquid dye lasers [7,8,9]

Summary

Introduction

Organic dyes are fluorescent molecules with an appropriate high molecular weight, characterized by containing extended systems of conjugated double bonds, i.e., separated by one bond at most (-C=C-C=C). Most of these molecules were considered as a laser dye [1], dissolved in an organic solvent or incorporated into a solid matrix. Solid-state tunable dye laser materials can be developed by incorporating stable laser dye molecules into the solid matrices involving the use of new polymeric formulations, silica gels, xerogels, organically modified silicates (ORMOSILS), and glasses sol-gel as host materials for laser dyes that are competitive with their liquid counterparts [11,12]

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