Photochemical degradation of six polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners under ultraviolet irradiation in hexane

Abstract

The photodegradation of six individual PBDE congeners (BDE-28, 47, 99, 100, 153, 183) in hexane was investigated under UV light in the sunlight region, employing a mercury lamp filtered with Pyrex glass. All photodegradation reactions followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics, with the half-lives ranging from 0.26 h for BDE-183 to 6.46 h for BDE-100. The photochemical reaction rates of PBDEs decreased with decreasing number of bromine substituents in the molecule, also in some cases were influenced by the PBDE substitution pattern. Principal photoproducts detected were less brominated PBDEs, and no PBDE-solvent adducts were found. Consecutive reductive debromination was confirmed as the main mechanism for the photodegradation of PBDEs in hexane. In general, debromination firstly occurred on the more substituted rings, when the numbers of bromine atoms on the two phenyl rings were unequal. For less brominated PBDEs, the photoreactivity of bromines at various positions of phenyl rings decreased in the order: ortho > para; while for higher brominated PBDEs, the difference became not significant.