Abstract
Glass micropipette electrodes are commonly used to target neurons, either in vivo or in vitro. They acquire electrophysiological recordings for the purpose of developing a further understanding of the behavior of neurons at the single cell and network levels. The success rate of acquiring adequate recordings during these procedures, however, is largely limited. Here, we demonstrate how a photoacoustic micropipette (PMP) electrode is capable of providing real-time photoacoustic feedback, useful in navigation towards intended targets. The PMP is fabricated from standard pulled borosilicate glass micropipettes, coated with aluminum. Light introduced into the wall of the micropipette, parallel to the axis, travels along the entire length of the device before exiting the tip, where it can induce the photoacoustic effect.
Highlights
Glass micropipette electrodes are commonly used to target neurons, either in vivo or in vitro
We demonstrate how a photoacoustic micropipette (PMP) electrode is capable of providing real-time photoacoustic feedback, useful in navigation towards intended targets
Recent studies have taken advantage of these absorption peaks to create image reconstructions of cellular and tissue structures using photoacoustic microscopy.13,14. This imaging technique is performed by concentrating light to a small spot size, which can be used to generate the photoacoustic effect at specific spatial locations
Summary
Glass micropipette electrodes are commonly used to target neurons, either in vivo or in vitro. This method of coupling requires the pulsed light to travel by total internal reflection along the entire length of the PMP before exiting the tip. Photoacoustic signals generated by the pulsed light can be detected near the tip or at the back end of the PMP using different configurations.
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