Abstract
Continuous cropping of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) deplete soil fertility, reduced crop productivity, and grower’s income. Phosphorus (P) and zinc (Zn) deficiencies are considered important nutritional constraints under rice-wheat cropping system. One strategy to increase crop productivity and grower’s income under the rice-wheat system is the balanced application of P and Zn fertilizers. The objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of sole and various combinations of P (0, 40, 80, and 120 kg ha−1) and Zn levels (0, 5, 10, and 15 kg ha−1) on productivity (grain yield and yield components) and profitability (net returns) of different rice genotypes (cultivars) (fine (cv.Bamati-385) vs. coarse (cv. Fakhre-e-Malakand and cv. Pukhraj)) and their residual effect on the income of the succeeding wheat crop (cv. Siran-2010). The results revealed that both rice and wheat productivity and profitability was higher with the combined application of both nutrients at higher rates (80 and 120 kg P ha−1 and 10 and 15 kg Zn ha−1). The highest productivity and profitability was obtained with the cultivation of hybrid rice “Pukhraj” (Pukhraj > Fakhre-e-Malakand > Basmati-385). It was concluded from this study that application of higher P and Zn levels and growing of hybrid rice increased productivity and profitability under the rice-wheat cropping system.
Highlights
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple foods for nearly half of the world’s population [1] and provides 50–60% of the calories to 2.7 billion people [2,3,4]
Field experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of phosphorus (P) and zinc (Zn) levels on three different rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes, under the rice-wheat cropping system
This present paper presents the data on yield components (YC), grain yield (GY), hulling percentage (HP), and net returns (NR) of different rice cultivars (Basmati-385 and Fakhre-e-Malakand (Coarse) vs. hybrid rice (Pukhraj))
Summary
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple foods for nearly half of the world’s population [1] and provides 50–60% of the calories to 2.7 billion people [2,3,4]. 11 percent of the world’s agricultural land and ranks second to wheat in terms of cultivated area [5]. In Pakistan, rice is the third largest crop after wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) based on cultivated area, and ranked second after wheat on production basis. It accounts for 5.9% of value added in agriculture and 1.3% of Pakistan’s gross domestic products [8]. According to a previous study [8], rice production in Pakistan occupies an area of 2.96 million hectares with a total production of 6.95 million tons and average yield of 2.35 t ha−1.
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