Abstract
Phospholipase D1 (PLD1) is generally accepted as playing an important role in the regulation of multiple cell functions, such as cell growth, survival, differentiation, membrane trafficking, and cytoskeletal organization. Recent findings suggest that PLD1 also plays an important role in the regulation of neuronal differentiation of neuronal cells. Moreover, PLD1-mediated signaling molecules dynamically regulate the neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs). Rho family GTPases and Ca2+-dependent signaling, in particular, are closely involved in PLD1-mediated neuronal differentiation of NSCs. Moreover, PLD1 has a significant effect on the neurogenesis of NSCs via the regulation of SHP-1/STAT3 activation. Therefore, PLD1 has now attracted significant attention as an essential neuronal signaling molecule in the nervous system. In the current review, we summarize recent findings on the regulation of PLD1 in neuronal differentiation and discuss the potential role of PLD1 in the neurogenesis of NSCs.
Highlights
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are multipotent cells that are capable of proliferation and self-renewal, which can differentiate into all types of neural cells, namely neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes (Miller and Gauthier 2007)
These results suggest that Phospholipase D1 (PLD1)-mediated Bcl-2 expression affects the neuronal differentiation of NSCs
U73122 or BAPTA-AM inhibited PLD1 activity and neuronal differentiation in NSCs (Park et al 2015). These results suggest that intracellular Ca2+ signal molecules, including PLCγ, PKCα, and PDK1, regulate PLD1-mediated neuronal differentiation in NSCs
Summary
Overview of NSCsNeural stem cells (NSCs) are multipotent cells that are capable of proliferation and self-renewal, which can differentiate into all types of neural cells, namely neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes (Miller and Gauthier 2007). Recent studies have reported that the signal-dependent activation of PLD1 is important for neuronal differentiation in NSCs (Park et al 2015, 2017; Yoon et al 2005, 2006). PLD1 regulates Bcl-2 expression via the JNK/STAT3 pathway, which leads to neuronal cell differentiation of H19-7 cells (Yoon et al 2012).
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