Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development. Among adaptive strategies of plants to P deficiency, increased anthocyanin accumulation is widely observed in plants, which is tightly regulated by a set of genes at transcription levels. However, it remains unclear whether other key regulators might control anthocyanin synthesis through protein modification under P-deficient conditions. In the study, phosphate (Pi) starvation led to anthocyanin accumulations in soybean (Glycine max) leaves, accompanied with increased transcripts of a group of genes involved in anthocyanin synthesis. Meanwhile, transcripts of GmCSN5A/B, two members of the COP9 signalosome subunit 5 (CSN5) family, were up-regulated in both young and old soybean leaves by Pi starvation. Furthermore, overexpressing GmCSN5A and GmCSN5B in Arabidopsis thaliana significantly resulted in anthocyanin accumulations in shoots, accompanied with increased transcripts of gene functions in anthocyanin synthesis including AtPAL, AtCHS, AtF3H, AtF3′H, AtDFR, AtANS, and AtUF3GT only under P-deficient conditions. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that P deficiency leads to increased anthocyanin synthesis through enhancing expression levels of genes involved in anthocyanin synthesis, which could be regulated by GmCSN5A and GmCSN5B.
Highlights
Phosphorus (P) is one of essential mineral nutrients required for various biomacromolecules, and a series of the biological processes, such as cell energy metabolism, signal transduction and protein modification in plants [1,2,3]
In order to analyze the effects of Pi starvation on anthocyanin synthesis in soybean, the expression patterns of eight genes related to anthocyanin synthesis pathway were investigated in old leaves under two P treatments, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (GmPAL), chalcone synthase (GmCHS), chalcone isomerase (GmCHI), flavanone-3-hydroxylase (GmF3H), 2.2
In order to analyze the effects of Pi starvation on anthocyanin synthesis in soybean, the expression patterns of eight genes related to anthocyanin synthesis pathway we4reofin13vestigated in old leaves under two P treatments, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (GmPAL), chalcone synthase (GmCHS), chalcone isomerase (GmCHI), flavanone-3-hydroxylase fl(GavmoFn3oiHd)3, f-lhayvdonrooxidyl3as′-eh(yGdmroFx3ylHas)e, d(GihmydFr3o′flHav),odniohly4d-rroefdluavctoansoel(4G-mreDduFcRta)s, ean(GthmocDyaFnRi)n, saynnththoacsye(aGnimnAsyNnSth) aasned(GflmavAonNoSid) a3n-Od-fglaluvcoonsoyidl t3r-aOns-fgelruacsoes(yGl mtraUnFsf3eGraTse) ((FGimguUrFe32GAT))
Summary
Phosphorus (P) is one of essential mineral nutrients required for various biomacromolecules (e.g., nucleic acids and phospholipids), and a series of the biological processes, such as cell energy metabolism, signal transduction and protein modification in plants [1,2,3]. Plants have deployed a set of morphological and physiological strategies in adaptation to P deficiency, including retardation of growth rates, enhancement of lateral root and root hair growth, accumulations of anthocyanin [6,7]. Anthocyanin accumulation in shoots or leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), Medicago truncatula, rice (Oryza sativa) and maize (Zea mays) was widely observed and suggested to protect chloroplasts from photoinhibitory damage in plant responses to Pi starvation [7,9,10,11,12,13]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
