Abstract
The article focuses on the phenomenon of leadership in philosophical discourse. Philosophical retrospection of the concept of "leadership" as a philosophical phenomenon and its systematic analysis is carried out. Philosophical connotations of the phenomenon of leadership in the dynamics of social and political processes of modern times are being defined. In modern society, the well-formed image of leaders of organizations, movements and etcetera an important role. Leadership is a universal phenomenon of social life. It is present in any sphere of human activity that requires stratification: the separation of leaders and subordinates, leaders and followers. In modern science, where there is a commonality of initial positions, leadership is characterized by ambiguity: as a social relationship of domination and subordination in a group or organization (sociology); as a characteristic of the figure of a leader and its impact on others (psychology); as effective and successful innovations in business, dominance in enterprise performance (economy); as developing vision, decision-making, empowerment and direction of people towards specific goals (management); as a process of human interaction in which authoritative people wield real power, exerting legitimate influence on a society that voluntarily gives them part of its political power and rights (political science). The essence of leadership reveals its numerous concepts and theories that have evolved in the history of philosophy and social philosophy. Classical theorists tried to understand and develop the ideal concepts of leadership. Modern researchers are not analyzing the ideal of leadership, but what it is. The philosophical understanding of leadership can be seen, first, as a form of power held by one individual or group of individuals; secondly, as a social position of decision-making; thirdly, as an influence on others.
Highlights
The article focuses on the phenomenon of leadership in philosophical discourse
In modern science, where there is a commonality of initial positions, leadership is characterized by ambiguity: as a social relationship of domination and subordination in a group or organization; as a characteristic of the figure of a leader and its impact on others; as effective and successful innovations in business, dominance in enterprise performance; as developing vision, decision-making, empowerment and direction of people towards specific goals; as a process of human interaction in which authoritative people wield real power, exerting legitimate influence on a society that voluntarily gives them part of its political power and rights
Philosophical theories of the phenomenon of leadership, firstly as a form of power held by one person or group of persons; secondly as a social position
Summary
The article focuses on the phenomenon of leadership in philosophical discourse. Philosophical retrospection of the concept of "leadership" as a philosophical phenomenon and its systematic analysis is carried out. Weber pays particular attention to the analysis of charismatic leadership He defined this type of leader as a generator of renewal of society in times of crisis, because the charismatic helmsman and his authority are not connected to the past, capable of mobilizing masses to solve social renewal tasks. The origin of the theory of traits can be seen in the writings of Plato, for whom the leader of the ideal state is the representative of one of three states – a rulerphilosopher, wise and just, free from material concerns, with a natural train to knowledge and with a love for truth. Most modern leadership theories (relational, cognitive, and constructivist) represent the synthesis of their predecessors: they consider both the leader and his behavior, the situation in which his activities take place, and his relationships with his followers.
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