Phenotypic parameters affecting reproduction and production performances of dairy cattle in peri-urban of Bamako, Mali.

Abdoulaye Toure,Fikremariam Geda,Pascal Leroy,Diakaridia Traore,Nassim Moula,Ali Kouriba,Nicolas Antoine-Moussiaux,Bakary Traore

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2019.817-822

Abdoulaye Toure, Fikremariam Geda + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.817-822

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Abstract

Aim:The present study was conducted to evaluate the reproduction and production performances of crossbred and local dairy cattle in peri-urban of Bamako, the capital of Mali.Materials and Methods:A total of 17 randomly selected households with 450 dairy cattle from four peri-urban of Bamako were individually interviewed, given register format and divided into four focus group discussions. The participants were dairy farmers and they were asked to know the phenotype that seems to them the more interesting for the reproduction and production performances of their dairy cattle.Results:The calving interval (CI) obtained exceeded 433 days in all phenotypic types with average milk yields of 5.13±1.84 kg/day, 4.76±2.41, and 3.05±1.32 kg/day, respectively, for the Holstein crossbred, Montbeliard crossbred, and the local breeds (Zebu Peul and/or Zebu Maure). Crossbred was more productive than local breeds with significant (p<0.05) differences for lactation length, CI and total production and not significant on parity. The results also showed the advantages of the crossbred cows in terms of CI (460±80 days) compared to local zebus breeds (433±115 days) to keep the time of milking as long as possible. However, the Zebu Azawak breed whose cradle is located in Northern Mali, managed under extensive peri-urban rearing conditions, has less favorable production parameters than those of other local cattle breeds in milk production (636±43.3 kg vs. 681±41.1 kg).Conclusion:The present study revealed that crossbred dairy cattle performed better in terms of CI, lactation length, and production compared to the local breeds. The study also showed that the local Azawak breed numerically performed less compared to the other local breeds evaluated in this study, namely, Peul and Maure.

Highlights

In Mali, the cattle breeds are currently mixed with exotic breeds either through artificial insemination or by crossing with bulls such as Montbeliard, Steppe Red, and Holstein
Crossbreeding optimizes the additive genetic and non-additive breed effects of Bos taurus and Bos indicus with consistently improving the lactation milk yield and calving interval (CI) with increasing European gene fraction, for at least up to 50% [1]
The phenotypic parameters of reproduction and production performances of cows are summarized in Table-1

Summary

Introduction

In Mali, the cattle breeds are currently mixed with exotic breeds either through artificial insemination or by crossing with bulls such as Montbeliard, Steppe Red, and Holstein. Despite the dairy potential that can be mobilized throughout the livestock sector and the main policies and strategies promoting the dairy sector, Mali remains one of the largest importers of Copyright: Toure, et al Open Access. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/ publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Dairy products to meet the needs of consumers. The import represents CFA 15 billion (the US $ 30 million) in milk and milk products to cover the needs of its population

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