Phenotypic Frequency of Clinically Significant Blood Group Antigens (Rh, Kell, Kidd, and Duffy) in Blood Donors of the Blood Center at a Tertiary Care Referral Teaching Hospital in Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, South India

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background and Objectives: The knowledge of various blood group antigen and phenotype frequencies in a population is important in selecting compatible blood in alloimmunized patients. Such information in Indian population is very limited. Hence this study was carried out to determine the frequency of clinically significant antigens. Such information in Indian population is very limited. Methods: This study was carried out to determine the frequencies of the D, C, c, E, e, K, k, Fya, Fyb, Jka, and Jkb antigens in 1024 blood donors at our department. Samples were collected for extended antigen typing during March 2016–February 2017 for D, C, c, E, e, K, k, Fya, Fyb, Jka, and Jkb antigens using monoclonal antisera by column agglutination technology. Antigenic and phenotypic frequencies were expressed as percentages. Results: Among the Rh system, “e” antigen was found in 98.6% of donors, followed by D (92%), C (89%), c (56%), and E (17%) with DCe/DCe (R1 R1, 41.4%) as the most common phenotype. “k” was found to be positive in 97% of donors, and K+k− phenotype was found in 0.1% of donors. For Kidd and Duffy blood group system, Jk(a+b+) and Fy(a+b+) were the most common phenotypes with frequency of 56.2% and 47.5%, respectively. MNS antigens were not included on account of financial constraints. Conclusion: Database for antigen frequency of various blood group systems in native donors helps provide antigen-negative compatible blood units to patients with multiple antibodies in order to formulate in-house red cells for antibody detection and identification and for preparing donor registry for rare blood groups.