Abstract
ObjectiveThe present study aimed to determine the phenotypic and genotypic profile of macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance in clinical isolates of staphylococci.ResultsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 164 non-duplicated staphylococci isolates collected during August 2015 to February 2016 from two tertiary care hospitals in Shiraz, southwest of Iran. Of the 164 isolates, 86 erythromycin-resistant isolates consist of 35 Staphylococcus aureus and 51 coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) were included in the study. Of the 35 S. aureus, the prevalence of cMLS (constitutive), iMLS (inducible), and MS phenotypes were found 82.9%, 8.6% and 8.6%, respectively. Among 51 CoNS, the frequencies of cMLS, iMLS, and MS phenotypes were detected 66.7%, 11.8% and 21.6%, respectively. Among S. aureus isolates, the predominant genes were ermC in 82.9% isolates, followed by ermA in 57.1% and msrA in 28.6% of isolates. Among CoNS isolates, the most frequent genes were diagnosed ermC in 70.6% isolates followed by msrA in 68.6% and ermA in 11.8% of isolates. In conclusion, regarding the presence of MLSB resistance in our region, diagnosis of this resistance type on a routine basis in staphylococcal clinical isolates is of particular importance.
Highlights
Staphylococci are amongst the most frequent causes of nosocomial and community-acquired infections worldwide [1, 2]
Constitutive resistance is related to S. aureus strains which are resistant to both erythromycin and clindamycin [13]
Totally, 164 staphylococci clinical isolates consisting of 97 S. aureus and 67 coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) were included in the study
Summary
164 staphylococci clinical isolates consisting of 97 S. aureus and 67 CoNS were included in the study. Of 35 S. aureus, the overall prevalence of cMLS, iMLS, and MS phenotypes were 29 (82.9%), 3 (8.6%), and 3 (8.6%), respectively. Among 51 CoNS, the overall prevalence of cMLS, iMLS, and MS phenotypes were 34 (66.7%), 6 (11.8%), and 11 (21.6%), respectively. Among CoNS isolates the most prevalent genes were ermC in 36 (70.6%) isolates, followed by msrA in 35 (68.6%) and ermA in 6 (11.8%) isolates. The most common isolation sites of staphylococci with iMLS phenotype were bloodstream, skin and soft tissue, urinary tract, and eye. BSIs, bloodstream infections; SSTIs, skin and soft tissue infections; UTIs, urinary tract infections; RTIs, respiratory tracts infections; EIs, eye infections; AIs, abdominal infections, BJIs, bone and joint infections a The proportion estimated among 35 erythromycin-resistant S. aureus
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