Phenomenological Characteristics of Poststroke Depression: Early- Versus Late-Onset

Abstract

OBJECTIVE Authors compared poststroke major (n = 17) or minor (n = 28) depression diagnosed 3 to 6 months poststroke with major (n = 16) or minor (n = 22) depression diagnosed at 12 to 24 months to identify changes in the phenomenological characteristics of poststroke depression over time. METHODS Depressive symptoms were divided into vegetative, psychological symptoms, and melancholic features elicited by the Present State Exam (PSE). Patients were also examined for severity of depression, social impairment, and neurological findings. RESULTS Early-onset poststroke major depression was associated with a higher frequency of vegetative symptoms and larger lesion volume than late-onset major depression. Similarly, early-onset minor depression was associated with poorer social functioning and a higher frequency of melancholic, vegetative, and psychological symptoms than late-onset minor depression. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the phenomenological characteristics of both major and minor poststroke depression change over time and that both early-onset major and minor poststroke depression may result from similar etiological mechanisms provoked by brain injury. Authors compared poststroke major (n = 17) or minor (n = 28) depression diagnosed 3 to 6 months poststroke with major (n = 16) or minor (n = 22) depression diagnosed at 12 to 24 months to identify changes in the phenomenological characteristics of poststroke depression over time. Depressive symptoms were divided into vegetative, psychological symptoms, and melancholic features elicited by the Present State Exam (PSE). Patients were also examined for severity of depression, social impairment, and neurological findings. Early-onset poststroke major depression was associated with a higher frequency of vegetative symptoms and larger lesion volume than late-onset major depression. Similarly, early-onset minor depression was associated with poorer social functioning and a higher frequency of melancholic, vegetative, and psychological symptoms than late-onset minor depression. These findings suggest that the phenomenological characteristics of both major and minor poststroke depression change over time and that both early-onset major and minor poststroke depression may result from similar etiological mechanisms provoked by brain injury.