Phenology and agronomic components of first and second-cycle strawberry

André R Zeist,Juliano Tv De Resende,Israel Fl Da Silva,Renato B Lima Filho,André Gabriel,Juliane M Henschel

doi:10.1590/s0102-053620190104

Abstract

ABSTRACT Several strawberry growers have cultivated the same plants for two consecutive cycles aiming a greater economic return after seedling transplant. However, the phenological development and the agronomic potential of second-cycle strawberry have to be estimated. This research was installed to estimate the thermal need, leaf appearance rate, phyllochron and yield of strawberry cultivars in two consecutive crop cycles in the region of the Third Planalto Paranaense. Cultivars Camarosa, Camino Real, Albion, Aromas, Monterrey and San Andreas were evaluated in the first and second growing cycles using completely randomized blocks and four replications. Leaf appearance rate was estimated by linear regression coefficient between the number of leaves and the accumulated thermal sum. Phyllochron was estimated by the inverse of regression coefficient. Aromas was the only cultivar with an increased fruit production in the second cycle. On the contrary, there was a considerable reduction of production for ‘Camino Real’, ‘Albion’, ‘Monterrey’ and ‘San Andreas’ in that same cycle. The highest number and mass of marketable fruits of the second and first cycles were observed for ‘Camarosa’ and ‘Camino Real’, respectively. In the second crop cycle, strawberry cultivars required a lower thermal sum to begin flowering and fruit harvest. The plants presented a higher leaf appearance rate and low phyllochron values.

Highlights

Fenologia e componentes agronômicos de morangueiros de primeiro e segundo ciclo Em busca de maior retorno econômico após o transplantio das mudas, muitos produtores de morango têm feito o cultivo por dois ciclos consecutivos
O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar a necessidade térmica, a taxa de aparecimento foliar, o filocrono e a produtividade de cultivares de morangueiro no segundo ciclo de cultivo, em comparação ao primeiro, na região do Terceiro Planalto Paranaense
Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) is cultivated in a wide geographic distribution due to its ability to adapt to different soil and climatic conditions (Morales et al, 2012)

Summary

Introduction

Fenologia e componentes agronômicos de morangueiros de primeiro e segundo ciclo Em busca de maior retorno econômico após o transplantio das mudas, muitos produtores de morango têm feito o cultivo por dois ciclos consecutivos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar a necessidade térmica, a taxa de aparecimento foliar, o filocrono e a produtividade de cultivares de morangueiro no segundo ciclo de cultivo, em comparação ao primeiro, na região do Terceiro Planalto Paranaense. No segundo ciclo de cultivo, as cultivares de morangueiro necessitaram menor soma térmica acumulada para iniciar o florescimento e colheita dos frutos e, apresentaram maior taxa de aparecimento foliar e menores valores de filocrono. A biologically realistic measurement for estimating growth and development regarding air temperature is the thermal sum (°C days) (Streck et al, 2008; Heldwein et al, 2010; Lucas et al, 2012) It has a greater meaning regarding plants than calendar days. Based on the thermal sum, it is possible to estimate the number of leaves in strawberry by means of phyllochron (°C day leaf-1), which is the time interval between the appearance of two successive leaves in the main canopy (Xue et al, 2004; Streck et al, 2005)

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