Abstract
The objective of this work was to study the phenolic profile and composition in relation to antioxidant activity of fifteen samples of commercial red, rosé and white wines originating from six native grape varieties and produced in important wine regions from Romania. The profile and quantification of major phenolic compounds were performed by direct injection of wines in the LC-MS system, using DAD and ESI (+) MS techniques, in parallel with the total phenolic content (TPC) measured by spectrometry and the free radical scavenging activity, against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). There were identified 38 polyphenols in wines, including 3 flavan-3-ols, 17 flavonols, 12 anthocyanins and 6 stilbenes. The red wines had significant higher phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, followed by rosé and white wines. The richest phenolic content and antioxidant activity was obtained for ‘Feteasca Neagra’ (Tohani) among red wines and for ‘Feteasca Regala’ (Jidvei) among white wines. TPC values were positively correlated with the antioxidant capacity in all white wines and only for the red ‘Feteasca Neagra’ assortment, while for the ‘Babeasca Neagra’ assortment negative correlations were obtained. From the 38 variables, flavan-3-ols have exerted the greatest influence on wine differentiation, based on their colour (red, rosé and white). The study also revealed significant differences between cultivars, both qualitative and quantitative, in terms of their polyphenolic composition, that could be important in the cultivar authentication of wines from these varieties.
Highlights
The consumption of wine is a common and ancient practice in Romania, our country being one of the main producers and consumers of wine
The results obtained revealed qualitative and quantitative differences between the fifteen wine samples, depending on grape variety and wine type, red wine samples being characterized by a higher phytochemical concentration than the white and rosé wine samples
By Principal Component Analysis, significant discriminations between samples were noticed, due to varietal variability and to the wine colour, flavan-3-ols, e.g. catechin, epicatechin and gallocatechin being mainly responsible for the discriminations among clustered wine samples
Summary
The objective of this work was to study the phenolic profile and composition in relation to antioxidant activity of fifteen samples of commercial red, rosé and white wines originating from six native grape varieties and produced in important wine regions from Romania. The aim of this study is to characterize commercial samples of Romanian red, rosé and white wines from six local grape cultivars, ‘Feteasca Alba’ (FA), ‘Feteasca Regala’ (FR), ‘Babeasca Rose’ (BR), ‘Busuioaca de Bohotin’ (BB), ‘Babeasca Neagra’ (BN), ‘Feteasca Neagra’ (FN) and produced in six different regions of Romania (Patic, 2006)
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