Phases, evaluation and treatment of acute renal tubular necrosis

Abstract

Acute renal tubular necrosis (ATN) is a severe kidney injury characterized by the death of renal tubular cells, resulting in impaired kidney function. This condition is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, necessitating effective management strategies. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the evaluation and management of ATN. The evaluation process involves a combination of clinical assessment, laboratory investigations, and imaging modalities to confirm the diagnosis, identify the underlying cause, and assess the severity of the renal injury. The management of ATN encompasses addressing the underlying cause, providing supportive care, and preventing complications. This includes pharmacological interventions, fluid management, electrolyte balance, and renal replacement therapy in severe cases. Patient education, close monitoring, and preventive measures play critical roles in optimizing outcomes. Understanding the phases of ATN, including initiation, maintenance, and recovery, is essential to tailoring management strategies. Further research is needed to advance diagnostic modalities, therapeutic interventions, and preventive strategies for ATN, leading to improved patient outcomes.