Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by the sol-gel method with titanium isopropoxide as a precursor at different annealing temperatures. The analysed X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectra characteristics demonstrated the structural transformation from amorphous to anatase and further to rutile phase while increasing annealing temperature. In addition, a mixed phase of TiO2 NPs is formed, which consists of both the phases. The absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra of mixed and rutile phases are shifted towards longer wavelength region. Furthermore, the photocatalytic performance of the different type of TiO2 NPs was examined through the degradation of a dye, rhodamine B (RhB) under UV radiation, and by measuring changes in absorption and PL spectra. The anatase phase structure shows higher photocatalytic activity than the rutile phase. However, the mix phase has the highest photocatalytic activity among all the structures, which degraded RhB entirely with a faster rate. On the other hand, the rutile phase is unable to take part in this process. Thus, the mix phase of TiO2 NPs is highly useful for industrial and environmental applications.
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