Abstract
AbstractMetal magnesium is mainly produced from the calcined dolomite by the silicothermic production. However, in this process, the reduction temperature is higher while the reaction speed is slow, which results in higher energy consumption and serious environmental problems. In this paper, adding aluminum into the ferrosilicon reducing agent is expected to lower the reaction temperature so as to solve the problems above. The phase transition involved in the whole reduction process including with and without aluminum addition were investigated in details by theoretical calculation and experimental research. The influence of aluminum on the magnesium oxide reduction path was analysis to clarify the internal mechanism. The results show that aluminum added into the ferrosilicon would first react with magnesium oxide to form magnesium vapor and alumina under vacuum pressure of 10 Pa when the temperature rises to 720°C. Then, calcium aluminate would be formed by the reaction of aluminum oxide and calcium oxide. Once the temperature reaches 1150°C, silicon begins to reduce the magnesium oxide to create the silicon oxide that will finally react with calcium oxide to form calcium silicate. When the temperature rises above 1150°C, both the aluminum and silicon will participate in the reduction of magnesium oxide. In the process of heating up, the mixture of aluminum, ferrosilicon and calcined dolomite forms Mg2Al4Si5O18 and Ca3Al2(OH)12 phase with the components in calcined dolomite. Mg2Al4Si5O18 and Ca3Al2(OH)12 phase finally form Ca12Al14O33 phase. The interaction between aluminum and ferrosilicon in the mixture is less; the mixture of aluminum and ferrosilicon first forms Al3FeSi2 phase, and finally has the trend of forming Al4.5FeSi phase. There is a great difference between the phase transformation of aluminum in the mixture of aluminum, ferrosilicon and calcined dolomite and that of aluminum in the mixture of aluminum and ferrosilicon.
Highlights
Ma et al.: Phase transformation involved in the reduction process of magnesium oxide in calcined dolomite reaction occurs at 720°C, and at the same time, the alumina formed by aluminum reduction of magnesium oxide reacts with the magnesia oxide to form MgO ‧ Al2O3
The 2 wt% ferrosilicon was replaced by aluminum powder in present study, and the ratio of the ingredients in the reduction process is calcined dolomite + ferrosilicon + aluminum powder = 84 wt% + 14 wt% + 2 wt%
The phase transition of mixture of aluminum and ferrosilicon in heating process and in production magnesium oxide were concluded that aluminum and ferrosilicon in the temperature rising process of magnesium oxide reduction, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1) In the reducing process of magnesium oxide by using a mixture of aluminum and ferrosilicon as a reducing agent, under the vacuum pressure of 10 Pa as the temperature rises, aluminum first reacts with magnesium oxide to form magnesium vapor and alumina, and simultaneously aluminum oxide and calcium oxide further form calcium aluminate above 720°C
Summary
If the void ratio of the reduced product is large, the Technology, 710055 Xi’an, China; Key LaboraPtoaruyloTf georlwdialnlidger: Departmageennttof wMiatthhemloawtiecrs, UrendivuecrtsiiotynoftWemispcoenrasitnu,reMaadnisdon,fWasIt5e3r706, USA, E-m. The mechanism of magnesium oxide reduction by aluminum and Al–Si–Fe alloy is different from that of ferrosilicon. The initial reaction temperature of aluminum and magnesium oxide is lower. The phase change in the reducing process of magnesium oxide by aluminum goes through three stages. These are the formation of MgAl2O4, and Ca12Al14O33 phases, and the phase transformation from MgAl2O4 and Ca12Al7 to CaAl2O4 [10]. The reduction process of magnesium oxide by Al and Al–Si–Fe alloy have many advantages, the higher price of these reducing agents makes it difficult to be industrialized
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