Abstract
Thermodynamical considerations are given to the phase transformation and growth of a mixed-salt particle suspended in moist air. A mathematical expression is derived to relate the equilibrium droplet size to the solution properties of a multicomponent system. It is shown that, at a given relative humidity, the partition between the liquid and solid phases, the chemical form of the solid phase, and the composition of the aqueous solution may be deduced directly from the solubility diagram, provided that water activities are known over the entire concentration range. A graphical method is developed for making incremental extrapolations of wateractivity data from dilute solutions up to the two-phase region. Growth curves for the systems H 2O-NaCl-MgCl 2 and H 2O-H 2SO 4-(NH 4) 2SO 4 have been calculated as a function of r.h. and chemical composition. Depending on humidity and composition, ambient sulfate aerosols may contain (NH 4) 2SO 4, 3(NH 4) 2SO 4, H 2SO 4, or NH 4HSO 4 as the solid phase.
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