Phase Formation, Microstructure and Phase Transition of Lead Barium Titanate Ceramics: Effect of PbO Content

Abstract

Monophasic oxides of the formula, (Pb 0.975 Ba 0.025 )TiO 3 with excess PbO (0, 1, 3, 5 and 10 wt%) were prepared by a mixed oxide method. It was found that lead barium titanate powders indexed in a tetragonal structure. The impurity phases were detected in the calcined powders with ≥ 3 wt% of excess PbO. The impurity phases were not present in any ceramic samples. The c/a ratio was decreased with increasing of excess PbO. The average particle size and the average grain size of the PBT increased with increasing of PbO contents. The density can be improved by adding 1 wt% of excess PbO. The DSC results indicated that the Curie point shifted to higher temperature when the excess PbO was higher than 3 wt%.