Abstract
1. 1. A series of 30 chemicals was tested for their ability to alter the neurally evoked contractions of the retractor unguis muscle isolated from the grasshopper, Romalea microptera, and the locusts, Locusta migratoria, Schistocerca gregaria, and S. vaga. 2. 2. L-Glutamate was one of the most active compounds tested, supporting evidence from previous studies that it may be the insect neuromuscular transmitter at excitatory junctions. Adrenergic and cholinergic drugs and carbamate and organophosphorus esters (anticholinesterase agents) had little or no effect on the responses of the preparation. 3. 3. N-Ethylmaleimide, two phenothiazines, and a dinitrosalicylanilide at 10 −3 M completely abolished the contractile response. 4. 4. Neurally evoked contractions occurred in solutions with pH values between 6 and 10. Contractions were reversibly abolished in pH 5 saline but irreversibly abolished in pH 11 saline.
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