Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) may bring lifelong consequences for affected patients and a high financial burden to the health care system. Published peer-reviewed scientific articles identified from EMBASE, Google Scholar, PubMed and Scopus. Surgery and blood pressure management are the main targets in acute SCI to avoid secondary damage. The management of secondary chronic SCI is challenging, with unpredictable outcomes. Given the lack of consensus on pharmacological therapy for acute and secondary chronic SCI, the present study analyses the currently available drugs and treatment options to manage secondary chronic SCI. Different approaches exist for the pharmacological management of secondary chronic SCI. One of the most investigated drugs, 4-aminopyridine, improves central motor conduction and shows improvement in neurological signs. Positive results in different areas have been observed in patients receiving the anti-spastic drugs tizanidine and baclofen or Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Growth hormone showed only minimal or no significant effects, and the therapy of secondary chronic SCI with riluzole has been poorly researched to date.
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