Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint condition and a major cause of disability in the general population. Recent published literature identified from PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Orthobiological therapies try to regenerate articular cartilage and stop the progression of the degenerative lesion. Intra-articular injections of biological derivates have been increasingly used in the last decade. The indications for the use of bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) are still unclear. We systematically reviewed the current literature on BMAC in the management of knee OA, giving an update on the current indications for the selection of the ideal patient and the preparations and efficacy of BMAC compared to other biological alternatives. BMAC is a valuable source of mesenchymal stem cells, offering potential benefits in attenuating the inflammatory pathway associated with knee OA. Intra-articular injection of BMAC has shown effectiveness in clinical trials improving functional outcomes of knee OA patients. The superiority of BMAC over other orthobiological treatments cannot be assessed because of conflicting results.
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