Abstract
BackgroundSolena heterophylla Lour. has traditionally been used in the management of diseases pertaining to gastrointestinal, respiratory and vascular system and present study was undertaken to validate its traditional uses.MethodsThe aqueous ethanolic extract of Solena heterophylla Lour (Sh.Cr) was tested in-vitro on isolated rabbit jejunum, tracheal and aorta preparations. The responses of tissues were recorded using isotonic transducers coupled with PowerLab data acquisition system.ResultsThe aqueous ethanolic extract of Solena heterophylla Lour (Sh.Cr) (0.03-1.0 mg/ml) on application to spontaneous contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparation exerted relaxant effect through decrease in magnitude and frequency of contractions, caused relaxation of K+(80 mM)-induced contractions and shifted the Ca2+ concentration response curves toward right in isolated rabbit jejunum preparations in a manner similar to verapamil (a standard Ca2+ channel blocker), thus confirming its Ca2+ channel blocking activity. The Sh.Cr also caused relaxation of carbachol (1 μM)- and K+(80 mM)-induced contractions in isolated rabbit tracheal preparations in a manner comparable to dicyclomine.ConclusionsThe observed relaxant effect may be outcome of anti-muscarinic and Ca2+ channel blocking activities. The Sh.Cr (0.03-1.0 mg/ml) against phenyephrine (1 μM)- and K+(80 mM)-induced contractions in isolated rabbit aortic preparations exerted a relaxant effect, possibly through Ca2+ channel blocking activity. These findings provide a rationale for the folkloric uses of the plant in the management of ailments pertaining to gastrointestinal, respiratory and vascular system.
Highlights
Solena heterophylla Lour. (Cucurbitaceae) is a climber plant, distributed widely in India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, China, Thailand and Vietnam [1,2,3]
Effect of Sh.Cr on isolated rabbit jejunum preparations The aqueous ethanolic extract of Solena heterophylla Sh.Cr when applied to spontaneous contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparations, exerted a relaxant effect in tissue bath concentration-dependent manner, in concentration range of 0.03-1.0 mg/ml, with an EC50 value of 0.07002 mg/ml (Figures 1 and 2)
The application of Sh.Cr to K+ (25 mM)induced spastic contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparations, resulted in minor relaxant response with an EC50 value of 0.3226 mg/ml (Figure 2a and c), whereas the application to K+ (80 mM)-induced spastic contractions caused a complete relaxation, with an EC50 value of 0.06824 mg/ml (Figure 2b and c)
Summary
Solena heterophylla Lour. (Cucurbitaceae) is a climber plant, distributed widely in India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, China, Thailand and Vietnam [1,2,3]. (Cucurbitaceae) is a climber plant, distributed widely in India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, China, Thailand and Vietnam [1,2,3]. The plant grows in mixed forests, thickets grasslands, roadsides, and mountain slopes at an altitude of 600–2600 m [4]. The stem and branches are glabrous, petiole are slender, 4–10 mm, puberulent at Janbaz et al Journal of Translational Medicine (2015) 13:134 solitary; pedicel 2–10 mm, puberulent; female calyx and corolla are similar to male flowers; ovary ovoid, 2.53.5 × 2–3 mm; stigmas 3. The fruits are red-brown, broadly ovoid, oblong, or sub-globose, 2–6 × 2–5 cm. The seeds are gray-white or gray-brown, sub-orbicular or obovate, 5–7 × 5–6.5 mm, smooth or slightly tuberculate. Flowering occurs in May-August and fruiting in June-November [5]. Solena heterophylla Lour. has traditionally been used in the management of diseases pertaining to gastrointestinal, respiratory and vascular system and present study was undertaken to validate its traditional uses
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