Abstract
Plumeria rubra (L.) is a traditional folkloric medicinal herb used to treat cardiovascular disorders. The present investigation was methodically planned to investigate the pharmacological foundations for the therapeutic effectiveness of P. rubra in cardiovascular illnesses and its underlying mechanisms. Ex vivo vaso-relaxant effects of crude leaf extract of P. rubra were observed in rabbit aorta ring preparations. Hypotensive effects were measured using pressure and force transducers connected to the Power Lab data acquisition system. Furthermore, P. rubra displayed cardioprotective properties in rabbits when they were exposed to adrenaline-induced myocardial infarction. In comparison to the intoxicated group, the myocardial infarction model showed decreased troponin levels, CK-MB, LDH, ALT, ALP, AST, and CRP, as well as necrosis, apoptosis, oedema, and inflammatory cell enrollment. P. rubra has revealed good antioxidant properties and prolonged the noradrenaline intoxicated platelet adhesion. Its anticoagulant, vasorelaxant, and cardioprotective effects in both in vivo and ex vivo investigations are enabled by blocking L-type calcium channels, lowering adrenaline, induced oxidative stress, and tissue tear, justifying its therapeutic utility in cardiovascular disorders.
Highlights
IntroductionP. rubra displayed cardioprotective properties in rabbits when they were exposed to adrenaline-induced myocardial infarction
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis validated many phytoconstituents in varying concentrations, among them the essential phytochemicals rutin, isoquercetin, kaempferol, and plumericin were them the essential phytochemicals rutin, isoquercetin, kaempferol, and plumericin were identified based on retention time (Figure 1)
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction (MI), and cardiac hypertrophy, are the leadto fatal cardiovascular diseases, and the present investigation was planned in order to ing causes of death and morbidity globally [2]
Summary
P. rubra displayed cardioprotective properties in rabbits when they were exposed to adrenaline-induced myocardial infarction. Vasorelaxant, and cardioprotective effects in both in vivo and ex vivo investigations are enabled by blocking L-type calcium channels, lowering adrenaline, induced oxidative stress, and tissue tear, justifying its therapeutic utility in cardiovascular disorders. Hypertension is the primary cause of death in humans [2]. Many developing countries, such as India, Iran, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, are fast catching up with this epidemic, due to drastically changing lifestyle habits [2]. Exaggerated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is accountable for lipid peroxidation of the endocardium.
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