Pharmacological Investigation of Cassia hirsuta Seed Extract for its Anti-inflammatory Activity in Acute and Chronic Inflammatory Animal Models

Abstract

Objective The declared goal of this research was to investigate anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effectiveness of ethanolic extract of Cassia hirsuta seeds EECH in animals employing Carrageenan-induced paw CIP edema and Complete Freundrsquos adjuvant CFA induced arthritis models.Methodology The seeds of Cassia hirsuta were collected shade dried extracted using ethanol in Soxhlet extractor and the extract was tested for phytochemicals and acute oral toxicity 423 - OECD guidelines. CIP edema was examined to ascertain anti-inflammatory property. The anti-arthritic activity of CFA was analyzed by measuring paw volume arthritic index and body weight. Hematological parameters and markers in serum levels of enzymes like SGPT SGOT serum RF and histopathological studies were also performed.Results The seed extract possessed various phytoconstituents like alkaloids flavonoids terpenoids phenols and tannins as active constituents. In acute oral toxicity study the EECH produced no lethality with maximum dose of up to 2000 mgkg bw. Hence 120th 110th amp 15th mgkg b.w were taken as lower moderate and higher dose respectively. EECH at concentration of 100 200 amp 400 mgkg was able to reduce the inflammation induced by carrageenan in rats. However 200 mgkg 400 mgkg has shown significant inhibition of arthritis in rats when challenged with CFA 0.1 mL. The EECH of dose 200 mgkg 400 mgkg had maintained normal architecture of bone normal areolar synovium and normal histology in comparison to arthritis control.Conclusion According to our findings the EECH demonstrated anti-oxidant anti-inflammatory amp antiarthritic activity in a dose-dependent manner. The phytoconstituents like flavonoids terpenoids and phenols as active constituents in the extract may justify its activity.nbsp