Abstract
In this study an ethnomedicinal plant Glycosmis pentaphylla Lour. has been investigated for its pharmacological potential including antidiabetic, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. In the investigation for antidiabetic activity, diabetic induced rats received methanolic extract repeatedly for consecutive three weeks. The blood glucose level was reduced to 33.82%, 24.38% and 9.596% after 7 days, 14 days and 21 days of treatment, respectively. In this case, statistically significant (P< 0.05) blood glucose lowering potential of methanol leaf extract at dose of 250 mg/kg body weight was found. In DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assessment, moderate antioxidant activity was observed in the crude methanol extract with IC50 value of 46.75 µg/mL. In brine shrimp lethality evaluation, the methanol extract showed significant cytotoxicity with LC50 value of 22.55 µg/mL. Our study testifies that methanol extract of Glycosmis pentaphylla has promising pharmacological activities and explored this species as a potential source of active secondary metabolites for pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder where the body is unable to regulate the carbohydrate metabolic process appropriately due to insufficient production of insulin or improper responding to insulin
The dose (250 mg/kg) of the extract used in this antidiabetic test was chosen based on an earlier study where Khatun et al (2012) found that G. pentaphylla crude extracts at 250 mg/kg bw dose was capable enough to produce significant pharmacological effect
Alloxan is accumulated through the glucose transporter 2 which results in selective damage to the pancreatic β-cells that produce insulin and diminishes the glucose absorption by peripheral tissue and brings diabetes to animal body
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder where the body is unable to regulate the carbohydrate metabolic process appropriately due to insufficient production of insulin or improper responding to insulin. The body fails to maintain proper sugar level in the blood stream. Diabetes may badly affect blood vessels leading to stroke or heart attack, kidney failure, and even it can cause irreparable damage to eyes, feet, and nerves (Rubin et al, 2012). As per reports from International Diabetes Foundation (IDF), high blood glucose is the third major cause of premature mortality following high blood pressure and tobaccoinitiated diseases. Over 8.8% of world population are suffering from diabetes and this number is estimated to rise 10.47% (642 million) by 2040 (IDF, 2013). In Bangladesh, with a total population estimated
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