Pharmacognostical Study and Phytochemical Evaluation of Pterisvittata L.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the Pharmacognostical Study and Phytochemical screening of Pterisvittata L. Methods: Physicochemical and pharmacognostical standardization parameters for C. bonplandianum was developed as per the methods provided in World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Quantitative estimation of flavonoid total phenolics, tannins and total saponines contents were estimated by UV–spectrophotometry. Total alkaloids content was estimated by gravimetric analysis. Results: Morphological observations revealed that leaves of C. bonplandianum are simple, petiolate, alternate, 3–5cm long, oval to lanceolate in shape, serrated margin with acute apex. The stem is cylindrical, branched, woody, light brown in color, odourless and bitter in taste. Roots are small, dark brown to black in color, cylindrical, odourless and bitter in taste. Histological observations revealed the presence of discontinuous layer of lignified sclerenchymatous cells (stone cells), paracytic stomata, stellate trichomes, xylem with scalariform thickenings and libriformfibres. Qualitative and quantitative study of phytoconstituents revealed the presence of flavonoids (0.57% w/w, equivalent to rutin), phenolics (4.25% w/w, equivalent to tannic acid) tannins (2.15% w/w, equivalent tannic acid) and saponins (7.4% w/w, equivalent to diosgenin) and gravimetric estimation of alkaloids content was found to be 2.5% w/w. Conclusion: The pharmacognostical and phytochemical parameters studied in the present investigation will aid in the identification and will be helpful in maintaining the standard profile of C. Bonplandianum. Methods: Pharmacognostical& Phytochemical screening parameters for Pterisvittata L. Results: Morphological observations of P.vittatarevealed that leaflet comprises mesophyll, epidermis and the vascular bundle. Sclerenchymatous strips are found both in adaxial and abaxial sides in the hypodermal regions of the midrib. Epidermis is covered with thick cuticles and is single-layered with quadrangular cells. Phytochemical screening revealed thepresence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins and saponins. Different pharmacognostical studies were performed like Fluorescence analysis, extractive values, ash value, loss on drying, foaming index & swelling index. Conclusion: The pharmacognosticaland phytochemical parameters showed in the present investigation will aid in the scientific research will be helpful in maintaining the standard profile of Pterisvittata L.