Abstract
Niclosamide (NCL) is an anthelmintic BCS class II drug of low solubility and high permeability. Pharmaceutical cocrystals of NCL were prepared with GRAS molecules, such as caffeine (CAF), urea (URE), p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), theophylline (THPH), nicotinamide (NCT), and isonicotinamide (INA), to improve drug solubility. Neat grinding, wet granulation, and slow evaporation methods were successful to make niclosamide cocrystals. All new crystalline forms were characterized by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and IR-Raman spectroscopy to confirm their purity and homogeneity. X-ray crystal structures provided details of hydrogen bonding, molecular packing, and drug···coformer interactions. The intermolecular O–H···O hydrogen bond from the hydroxyl donor to the carbonyl acceptor in the niclosamide crystal structure was replaced by an acceptor atom of the coformer in cocrystal structures. Cocrystals with nicotinamide and isonicotinamide were characterized by 13C ss-NMR spectroscopy becaus...
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