Abstract
As a means of making chitosan more useful in biotechnological applications, it was hydrolyzed using pepsin, chitosanase and α-amylase. The enzymolysis behavior of these enzymes was further systematically studied for its effectiveness in the production of low-molecular-weight chitosans (LMWCs) and other derivatives. The study showed that these enzymes depend on ion hydronium (H3O+), thus on pH with a pH dependence fitting R2 value of 0.99. In y = 1.484 + 0.114, the equation of pH dependence, when increases by one, y () increases by 1.484. From the temperature dependence study, the activation energy (Ea) and pre-exponential factor (A) were almost identical for two of the enzymes, but a considerable difference was observed in comparison with the third enzyme. Chitosanase and pepsin had nearly identical Ea, but α-amylase was significantly lower. This serves as evidence that the hydrolysis reaction of α-amylase relies on low-barrier hydrogen bonds (LBHBs), which explains its low Ea in actual conditions. The confirmation of this phenomenon was further derived from a similarly considerable difference in the order magnitudes of A between α-amylase and the other two enzymes, which was more than five. Variation of the rate constants of the enzymatic hydrolysis of chitosan with temperature follows the Arrhenius equation.
Highlights
IntroductionThe economic and environmental opportunities that come with recent developments in the concept of the “shell biorefinery” [1,2] have resulted in more attention on shellfish
Application of natural biopolymers in life sciences is useful and advantageous in several ways.The economic and environmental opportunities that come with recent developments in the concept of the “shell biorefinery” [1,2] have resulted in more attention on shellfish
Effect of pH on the Chitosan Hydrolysis Process pH is one of the monitoring factors during the hydrolysis process. pH affects the activity of the functional catalysts and/or and/or substrates functional groups of catalysts substrates [29]
Summary
The economic and environmental opportunities that come with recent developments in the concept of the “shell biorefinery” [1,2] have resulted in more attention on shellfish. For this reason, it is necessary to conduct more extensive and thorough research to identify such opportunities. There is justification for the considerable attention on the functional biopolymer, chitosan. It has wide bioavailability (from insect cell walls, fungi or marine food resources), is non-toxic, biocompatible and biodegradable [3,4]. Hydrolysis of chitosan to chitosan oligomers (COS) and low-molecular-weight chitosans (LMWCs) can overcome this limitation [5]
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