Abstract
The mafic-ultramafic massifs with the PGE-Cu-Ni mineralization located in North-Central Mongolia: Oortsog, Dulaan, Mankhan, Yamat, and Nomgon were investigated. For the first time we consider these massifs as a single magmatic association and as fragments of Khangai batholith caused by the action of the plume responsible for the formation Permian Khangai LIP. The massifs fractionated from peridotite to gabbro have a similar typomorphic ore mineralogical and geochemical features, which change depending on the degrees of fractionation of magma and evolution of the sulfide melt. The least fractionated Oortsog massif originated from Ni-rich high-Mg basaltic magma. It is characterized by predominance of pyrrhotite mineralization due to exsolution of monosulfide solid solution (MSS). The most fractionated is the Nomgon massif originated from Cu-rich basaltic magma with bornite-chalcopyrite mineralization, formed as an exsolution of intermediate solid solution (ISS). The rest of the massifs have a medium characteristics between these two. The compositions of sulfides in the studied massifs change in accordance with the increase in sulfur fugacity from peridotite to gabbro: enrichment of pentlandite in Ni and pyrrhotite in S. The composition of PGM changes from Pt minerals in Oortsog massif to Pd minerals in Nomgon massif in the same direction. These massifs can be considered as potential for the PGE.
Highlights
The most economic Cu-Ni-PGE deposits relate to the occurrence of mafic-ultramafic magmatism of large igneous provinces (LIP) [1,2,3]
We studied the Permian mafic-ultramafic massifs of the Khangai upland (Oortsog, Dulaan, Mankhan, Yamat, and Nomgon) (Figure 1), which are the early phases of the Khangai batholith [11,12,13]
This article presents the mineralogy-geochemical features of the PGE-Cu-Ni sulfide mineralization found in different host rocks from the massifs of the Khangai upland, where samples of the Mankhan and Yamat massifs was collected for the first time
Summary
The most economic Cu-Ni-PGE deposits relate to the occurrence of mafic-ultramafic magmatism of large igneous provinces (LIP) [1,2,3]. This article presents the mineralogy-geochemical features of the PGE-Cu-Ni sulfide mineralization found in different host rocks from the massifs of the Khangai upland, where samples of the Mankhan and Yamat massifs was collected for the first time. This allowed comparing them with other massifs (Oortsog, Dulaan, and Nomgon) [18,21,22,23], to supplement the data on their evolution and to reveal the patterns of formation of sulfide mineralization in that region of the Central Asian Orogenic. We propose ore forming processes, evolution of sulfide melt, and composition of parent magma
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