Perspectives in risk communication due to the PFOS pollution case in Korsoer, Denmark

Abstract

Background In spring 2021 Denmark identified the first PFOS-pollution case deriving from a firefighting school. Through the last 20 years, members of a local cow grazing association had consumed veal having grazed on the contaminated area. The department of Occupational Medicine in Holbaek was contacted by the chairman of the regional council, and asked to investigate the members. In August 2021 118 of the members were found to have elevated blood levels of PFOS. Aim To present our risk communication strategy on individual, group and community level. Methods We gathered knowledge about PFAS by searching the literature and establishing collaboration with experts, research institutions and authorities to be able to perform adequate risk communication based on a risk assessment to the members of the cow grazing association, the Danish authorities and the media. Results We provided risk communication at different levels. (1) Individual level on medical consultations and by availability through the phone as needed; (2) group level by oral and written information with members of the cow grazing association; and (3) community level by contact with the media, and participation on an expert group set up by the National Board of Health. Conclusion Understanding the different ‘senders and receivers’ in risk communication is important to avoid unnecessary concerns and costs. Preliminary assessments is required before a proper exposure and risk assessment is done. It is important to consider how to present scientific uncertainties. Risk perception influences behavior in both individuals, group and public health level often regardless laws, regulations and expert evaluations as risks always are interpreted politically or value-related. Cooperation across professional groups and sectors is essential to be able to handle these types of cases constructively. Keywords Risk communication, PFOS, PFAS, food contamination