Abstract
Tropical cyclone–induced heavy precipitation (TCP) can have a detrimental impact on human productivity, causing significant economic losses and even human casualties in coastal countries every year. In this review article, we highlight the latest research developments in terms of ocean–atmosphere interactions and TCP, and identify the gaps where further research is required to enhance our understanding. The paper revolves around the following topics: (1) the characteristics of TCP over the ocean; (2) how air–sea interface processes, including sea surface temperature, sea-salt aerosols and sea spray, influence TCP development; (3) the effects of TCP on the ocean; and (4) TCP changes in the context of global warming. In addition, directions and suggestions for future research toward a more comprehensive understanding of TCP–ocean interactions are discussed. Overall, this review summarizes the recent research progress and challenges in TCP–ocean interactions, and could serve as a guide for improvements in convective parameterization schemes and climate models toward predicting TCP distribution and intensity more accurately.
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