Abstract
In order to improve the user’s satisfaction with the augmented reality (AR) technology and the accuracy of the service, it is important to obtain the exact position of the user. Frequently used techniques for finding outdoors locations is the global positioning system (GPS), which is less accurate indoors. Therefore, an indoor position is measured by comparing the reception level about access point (AP) signal of wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) or using bluetooth low energy (BLE) tags. However, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth require additional hardware installation. In this paper, the proposed method of estimating the user’s position uses an indoor image and indoor coordinate map without additional hardware installation. The indoor image has several feature points extracted from fixed objects. By matching the feature points with the feature points of the user image, we can obtain the position of the user on the Indoor map by obtaining six or more pixel coordinates from the user image and solving the solution using the perspective projection formula. The experimental results show that the user position can be obtained more accurately in the indoor environment by using only the software without additional hardware installation.
Highlights
augmented reality (AR) has made many technological advances, and the range that users can enjoy on smartphones and tablets has increased
Of the object varies depending on where you look at the object, it is possible to obtain the position of the user by using the perspective projection principle and formula
The homography matrix is obtained by using the feature points used in the reference image and the four feature points selected in the user image
Summary
AR has made many technological advances, and the range that users can enjoy on smartphones and tablets has increased. Kalbandhe [4] suggested a method of detecting indoor BLE tags by scanning the surrounding area by turning on the bluetooth function of the smartphone, and measuring the received signal strength and transmission power from the BLE tags to find indoor location and Soewito [5] proposed a method to increase the accuracy of the user’s position in the room by using the Pythagoras theory by receiving the information of 4 APs using the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the smartphone. The error of estimation of the indoor position is within 4 m maximum and the range of meter is different in terms of Immediate, Near, and Far. In addition, the error of the indoor location estimation of the method of obtaining the user position by the four pieces of AP information is 0.6 m on the average.
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