Abstract
The paper presents empirical research on personality factors of choosing adaptation strategies in a different cultural environment by labor migrants. The study determines three major adaptation strategies: integration, assimilation and marginalization. It establishes that integration and assimilation are means of solving the crisis of social identity. Personal identity acquires features of mature positive identity, when labor migrants integrate into a different cultural environment of a country of their employment. If a migrant chooses the strategy of assimilation, then personal identity has a tendency to approach to diffusive, “fuzzy” identity with indefinite life cycles, a decreased level of self-respect, a lack of internal integrity and uniformity. A marginal status of labor migrants in a country of employment causes an intensification of the crisis of personal identity, when migrants are not satisfied with the situation of employment abroad, but they do not see opportunities for self-realization in Ukraine. Factor analysis made it possible to establish an adaptation structure of labor migrants consisting of five major factors (72.43%).
Highlights
The current wave of Ukrainian emigration is probably the most powerful one in the history of our nation
By the scale “Neuroticism” the points were higher than the mean values (M = 15.62; square deviation (SD) = 3.274), these results prove that the migrants of the research sample are inclined to unpleasant emotions, have a high level of sensitivity to stressogenic situations, a high level of anxiety and emotional instability
The determinative factor distinguishing these strategies is availability of a permanent job in the area of occupation abroad contributing to the development of mature positive professional identity
Summary
The current wave of Ukrainian emigration is probably the most powerful one in the history of our nation. We assume that the research on the types of identity and a factor structure of labor migrants’ adaptation in a different cultural environment will allow obtaining significant empirical results to develop a program of preventive measures and overcoming negative consequences of labor migration for personality.
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