Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) present in foods have been a major concern for food safety due to their persistence and toxic effects. To ensure food safety and protect human health from POPs, it is critical to achieve a better understanding of POP pathways into food and develop strategies to reduce human exposure. POPs could present in food in the raw stages, transferred from the environment or artificially introduced during food preparation steps. Exposure to these pollutants may cause various health problems such as endocrine disruption, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, diabetes, birth defects, and dysfunctional immune and reproductive systems. This review describes potential sources of POP food contamination, analytical approaches to measure POP levels in food and efforts to control food contamination with POPs.
Highlights
Chemical contaminants have become a concern in terms of food safety due to pesticide residue and environmental contaminants detected in the food supply
Gas chromatography (GC) coupled with 13C-labeled isotope dilution high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) is considered a standard method for the detection of specific persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as dioxins and furans [16,19,193]
National regulations and legislations play an important role in reducing the use of POPs but regulation at the international level is needed to enforce countries to minimize the continuous release and ensure the rational use of pesticide and medicines
Summary
Chemical contaminants have become a concern in terms of food safety due to pesticide residue and environmental contaminants detected in the food supply. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, x o,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane o,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene Int. J. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, x p,p′-1-chloro-2,2-(bis-(4Int. J. To better protect public health, it is important to understand POP pathways into food, and the environment is among the significant pathways. The released POPs can contaminate crops, livestock, seafood and drinking water and pose a high risk to human health. Pesticides such as DDT and dieldrin have been widely used in the agriculture to increase crop yield and to kill unwanted pests in recent decades. One challenging task in food safety is the assessment of health risks associated with POP dietary exposure.
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