Persistent Global Burden of Stunting Among Children

Abstract

Introduction: Childhood stunting is a critical indicator of chronic undernutrition, reflecting global challenges in poverty, food security, and health care, with variability highlighting the multifaceted nature of nutritional well-being. Objective: This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the global prevalence and trends of childhood stunting, elucidating the interplay of factors influencing its dynamics. Methods: A systematic review and analysis of epidemiological studies, meta-analyses, and health reports were conducted to compile a detailed table on the worldwide prevalence and trends of childhood stunting. Results: The collected data reveal a significant global burden of stunting, with notable disparities across regions, socioeconomic statuses, and age groups. Findings show a persistent high prevalence in regions like northwest Ethiopia and varied trends, with some areas achieving reductions in stunting rates due to effective interventions, while others witness stagnation or increases. Key associations were identified between stunting and factors such as low birth weight, socioeconomic status, and maternal health. The synthesis of recent studies indicates a critical ongoing public health challenge, particularly in Asia and Africa, where a significant proportion of children under five remain stunted. Discussion: The study underscores the complex interplay of demographic, socioeconomic, and environmental factors influencing stunting, highlighting the essential role of targeted and multifaceted public health interventions in mitigating this pervasive issue. Conclusion: Addressing childhood stunting necessitates a global commitment to integrated, evidence-based strategies focusing on the nutritional, health, and socio-economic determinants to ensure the well-being and growth of children worldwide.