Perovskite lanthanum nickelate nanoparticles: As effective modified screen printed carbon electrode for electrochemical detection of trifluoperazine

Abstract

Perovskite rare earth nickelates have recently been considered excellent electroanalytical features for sensing a variety of target molecules due to their distinctive properties. In this work, a facile coprecipitation synthesis of perovskite lanthanum nickelate (LaNiO3, LNO) nanoparticles was reported along with its application to the electrochemical sensing of trifluoperazine (TFP). The crystal structure and surface morphology of the LNO was characterized by suitable techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The capability of the modified screen printed carbon electrode (LNO/SPCE) to detect TFP in 0.1 M PBS (pH 7) was then examined using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) methods. The electrode modified at 0.759 V vs Ag/AgCl and 30 s exhibited the highest peak current (Ip) for TFP electrooxidation. This optimized electrode showed a broad linear range of 0.165–495.5 µM, a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.017 µM, and a good sensitivity of 0.704 µA µM–1 cm–2. Moreover, the fabricated sensor revealed promising anti-interfering ability, stability, reproducibility, and repeatability toward TFP detection. Finally, the LNO sensor was able to detect TFP in urine and serum samples, and the recovery rates were satisfactory.