Abstract
The results of numerical and experimental studies of an electric generator with permanent magnets and axial magnetic flux for low-power wind turbines are presented. In order for wind turbines to successfully compete with sources of autonomous power supply based on solar energy, it is necessary to reduce the specific cost of electric generators. One of the possible ways to reduce the cost of a wind turbine is to replace a quiet-running multi-pole generator with a high-speed one, which is paired with a magnetic step-up gear. In this case, the electric generator can be designed for rotation frequency n = 1000 ÷ 3000 rpm. It is for this range of rotational speed that the optimal configuration and dimensions of the magnetic system of the electric generator have been determined, at which the maximum power value is reached. Comparisons of the calculated and experimental characteristics of the generator are carried out, the good coincidence of which confirms the adequacy of the developed mathematical models. These computer models are then used to study the dependence of the specific power of the generator on the height of the stator slots and the section of the winding wire made of copper tape. It is shown that for optimal geometrical parameters the magnetomotive force of the stator winding must be matched with the magnetomotive force of permanent magnets. Only for a certain range of slot heights is the maximum power at the rated current ensured. The characteristics of the investigated generators were calculated using the Simcenter MagNet software package.
Highlights
Наведено результати чисельних і експериментальних досліджень електрогенератора з постійними магнітами і осьовим магнітним потоком для вітроустановок малої потужності
In order for wind turbines to successfully compete with sources of autonomous power supply based on solar energy, it is necessary to reduce the specific cost of electric generators
One of the possible ways to reduce the cost of a wind turbine is to replace a quiet-running multipole generator with a high-speed one, which is paired with a magnetic step-up gear
Summary
The results of numerical and experimental studies of an electric generator with permanent magnets and axial magnetic flux for low-power wind turbines are presented. Цель работы – численные исследования электрогенератора с постоянными магнитами и аксиальным магнитным потоком и определение оптимальной конфигурации и размеров магнитной системы, при которой достигается максимальное значение мощности в заданном диапазоне частоты вращения, а также сравнение расчетных и экспериментальных значений характеристик генератора. А б 1 – магнитопровод генератора; 2 – обмотки генератора; 3 – постоянные магниты; 4 – зубцы статора; а – общий вид магнитной системы; б – картина магнитного поля Рис. Расчет магнитной системы исследуемого генератора выполнялся в программном комплексе Simcentr Magnet при следующих условиях: материал статора магнитопровода – сталь электротехническая 2340; тип постоянных магнитов – N45SH; обмотки намотаны круглым проводом и соединены в «звезду», соединение обмоток каждой фазы – последовательное. Наружный диаметр генератора Da, мм Внутренний диаметр генератора Di, мм Ширина паза Bslot, мм Высота паза Hslot, мм
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