Peritonealdialyse – Die kinderfreundliche Blutreinigung

Abstract

Peritoneal dialysis is the preferred method of paediatric renal replacement therapy apart from kidney transplantation. In Germany, 5 % of the adult patients on dialysis are treated by peritoneal dialysis, compared to 60 % of children and adolescents. The younger a patient, the more frequently peritoneal dialysis is chosen as the mode of dialysis. Advantages of peritoneal dialysis are the prevention of damage to big vessels, avoidance of central venous lines and arteriovenous fistulas. In addition, home dialysis and greater flexibility for the family allow a better psychosocial development of the children. New and more physiologic dialysis fluids, modern cycler machines and some diagnostic tools to test peritoneal transport capacities have enhanced the concept of individualized peritoneal dialysis prescriptions. Peritoneal dialysis leads to improved residual renal function, less dietary and fluid restrictions. In addition to these medical reasons, economic considerations also favor the use of peritoneal dialysis in children.