Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are devastating disorders and the leading cause of mortality worldwide. The pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases is complex and multifactorial and, in the past years, mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have gained growing attention. Indeed, CVDs can be considered as a systemic alteration, and understanding the eventual implication of circulating blood cells peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and or platelets, and particularly their mitochondrial function, ROS production, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) releases in patients with cardiac impairments, appears worthwhile. Interestingly, reports consistently demonstrate a reduced mitochondrial respiratory chain oxidative capacity related to the degree of CVD severity and to an increased ROS production by PBMCs. Further, circulating mtDNA level was generally modified in such patients. These data are critical steps in term of cardiac disease comprehension and further studies are warranted to challenge the possible adjunct of PBMCs’ and platelets’ mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and circulating mtDNA as biomarkers of CVD diagnosis and prognosis. This new approach might also allow further interesting therapeutic developments.

Highlights

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) rank as one of the first diseases leading to death worldwide [1,2]

  • Growing evidence suggests that the assessment of mitochondrial respiratory function of circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and platelets might be viewed as a marker to detect the mitochondrial dysfunction in different tissues, including the heart [10,11,12,13,14]

  • This review presents data exploring the PBMCs’ and platelets’ mitochondrial function, together with their reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial DNA release in order to assess whether such key parameters are modified and might be considered as biological markers of CVDs with diagnosis, prognosis, and even prognosis interests

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Summary

Introduction

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) rank as one of the first diseases leading to death worldwide [1,2]. CVD diagnosis and therapies, considering neuro-hormonal modulation, such as natriuretic peptide (NP)-guided therapy [2,6,7,8,9], but it seems that a plateau has begun to be reached, suggesting new approaches. In this view, since CVDs are generally systemic diseases, an attempt based on circulating cells might be proposed to better understand CVD pathophysiology and to discover new biomarkers. Regardless of cardiac disease etiology, most evidence demonstrates that mitochondrial dysfunction is widely observed in the pathological heart

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