Abstract
Perioperative hemodynamic monitoring is an essential part of anesthetic care. In this review, we aim to give an overview of methods currently used in the clinical routine and experimental methods under development. The technical aspects of the mentioned methods are discussed briefly. This review includes methods to monitor blood pressures, for example, arterial pressure, mean systemic filling pressure and central venous pressure, and volumes, for example, global end-diastolic volume (GEDV) and extravascular lung water. In addition, monitoring blood flow (cardiac output) and fluid responsiveness (preload) will be discussed.
Highlights
The word “hemodynamic” is derived from the Greek words haima and dunamikos
We aimed to provide an overview of hemodynamic monitoring methods used in the perioperative setting
Hemodynamic monitoring tools can be divided into 3 categories: invasive, minimally invasive, and noninvasive monitoring tools
Summary
The word “hemodynamic” is derived from the Greek words haima and dunamikos. Hemodynamic monitoring, freely translates into observing the motion of blood. Hemodynamic monitoring originates from ancient times: Feeling the pulse was first described in 2600 BCE in the myth of a Mesopotamian king whose friend had died, and by “touching” his heart, he realized that it did not beat any more,[1] demonstrating that at that time mankind understood the heart was beating and that its pulsations could be felt.
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