Perioperative and mid-term results of trans-graft embolization of the hypogastric artery for treatment of type II endoleaks after endovascular aortic repair with off-label use of re-entry catheters

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Type II endoleaks after endovascular aortic repair are a common scenario that, although infrequently, may sometimes require secondary interventions when leading to significant enlargement of the aneurysm sac. Herein, we present the perioperative and mid-term results of one of our endovascular aortic repair cases with type II endoleak from the hypogastric artery, whose ostium was covered by the prior stent graft limbs and that were successfully treated with a novel technique employing re-entry catheters in an off-label fashion. This technique may represent a valid alternative solution when conventional access between artery and prosthesis is laborious or impossible to achieve.