Periodontal Treatment Improves Serum Levels of Leptin, Adiponectin, and C-Reactive Protein in Thai Patients with Overweight or Obesity.

Notkamon Wanichkittikul,Supanee Thanakun,Chayasin Mansa-Nguan,Penpan Laohapand,Gaetano Isola

doi:10.1155/2021/6660097

Abstract

Periodontitis and overweight or obesity independently change serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, and C-reactive protein (CRP). The aim of this study is to investigate the alterations of serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, and CRP after nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) in Thai patients with overweight or obesity (Owt/Ob) who did or did not exhibit severe periodontitis (SP) and normal weight (Nwt) patients with or without SP. Two hundred sixty patients were screened; 29 patients were included in this study. The study participants comprised 6 patients with Owt/Ob who exhibited SP, 11 patients with Owt/Ob who did not exhibit SP, 5 Nwt patients with SP, and 7 Nwt patients without SP. Periodontal disease status was evaluated; serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, and CRP were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at baseline, as well as at 3 and 6 months after NSPT. At 3 months after NSPT, periodontal status was improved in all groups (p < 0.05), except Nwt patients without SP. Serum levels of leptin and CRP were significantly reduced, while serum levels of adiponectin were elevated after NSPT, regardless of bodyweight or waist circumference (p < 0.05). Improvement in serum levels of leptin after NSPT was also observed in the Nwt with SP group (p = 0.015); these levels did not significantly differ in Nwt patients without SP. NSPT reduces serum levels of leptin and CRP and enhances serum levels of adiponectin in Thai patients with Owt/Ob, irrespective of periodontitis severity. These results suggest a role for periodontal treatment in the systemic inflammatory response of Thai people with Owt/Ob.

Highlights

Overweight (Owt) and obesity (Ob) are highly prevalent chronic diseases in ailand and worldwide [1, 2]
These patients were excluded from the analysis. erefore, the study participants consisted of 6 patients with Owt/Ob who exhibited severe periodontitis (SP), 11 patients with Owt/Ob who did not exhibit SP, 5 normal weight (Nwt) patients with SP, and 7 Nwt patients without SP (Supplementary Figure S1)
There have been some prospective interventional studies [15,16,17,18, 20], participants in the previous reports were typically divided into two groups: Owt/ Ob with periodontitis and Nwt with periodontitis. e present study classified participants into four groups, used 3and 6-month follow-up analyses, and implemented rigorous inclusion criteria. us, the present study is more robust in terms of understanding how serum leptin, adiponectin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) are related to SP and Owt/Ob

Summary

Introduction

Overweight (Owt) and obesity (Ob) are highly prevalent chronic diseases in ailand and worldwide [1, 2]. During the development of obesity, adipocytes dysregulate adipokine production, which contributes to local and systemic inflammation and disturbances in glucose homeostasis [3], and these ese adipokines include proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., leptin, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., adiponectin), all of which have multiple metabolic balance functions [3, 4]. Cytokines often assessed in these studies include CRP, leptin, adiponectin, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and the tumor necrosis factor-α [16,17,18,19,20]. E objective of the present study was to investigate changes in serum leptin, adiponectin, and CRP levels after nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) in ai patients with Owt or Ob who did or did not exhibit SP, compared with Nwt patients with or without SP.

Methods

Results

Conclusion