Abstract
Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) is a multisystem disorder of pregnancy known to jeopardize safe pregnancy thereby increasing the maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. A retrospective observational study of nine months duration was conducted to determine the fetal and early neonatal outcome in pregnancies complicated with HDP in a tertiary care hospital. Result: 163 women with HDP delivered during the study period. Out of total 163 births, perinatal deaths occurred in 18 (11.04%) cases, of which 10 (6.13%) were stillbirth and 8 (5.23%) were early neonatal death thus making a perinatal mortality rate of 110 per 1000 births. Low birth weight and preterm delivery occurred in 71 (43.56%) & 42 (25.77%) respectively. Amongst the 53 (32.52%) neonates who required admission to the NICU, 37 (69.8%) neonates had respiratory distress including 23 (43.4%) neonates’ requiring ventilatory support. Occurrences of adverse perinatal outcomes were significantly higher in eclampsia & preeclampsia as compared to gestational HTN except for metabolic abnormalities. Conclusion: There is a significant burden of perinatal mortality and morbidity more so with pre-eclampsia & eclampsia. The findings of this study can represent an evidence for healthcare providers and policy makers in devising more appropriate interventions for in utero transfer of women with HDP so as to improve perinatal outcomes.
Highlights
Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) is one of the most common medical problems encountered in pregnancy [1, 2]
Apart from perinatal mortality, significant neonatal morbidities in the form of low birth weight, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), preterm birth, respiratory distress requiring neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission are seen with greater frequencies in HDP
There is a significant burden of perinatal mortality and morbidity associated with HDP, more so with pre-eclampsia & eclampsia
Summary
Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) is one of the most common medical problems encountered in pregnancy [1, 2]. It is a multisystem disorder of pregnancy known to increase the maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, making it a significant global health issue [3, 4]. The adverse perinatal outcomes associated with hypertensive disorders are generally referable to placental insufficiency, placental abruption, hypoxia and prematurityrelated complications. Apart from perinatal mortality, significant neonatal morbidities in the form of low birth weight, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), preterm birth, respiratory distress requiring neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission are seen with greater frequencies in HDP. Long term morbidities in the form of developmental consequences are known [10]
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