Perinatal Consequences in Pregnant Women Suffering from Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate perinatal outcomes in pregnant women suffering from metabolic syndrome
 Material and methods. The study was carried out on the basis of Maternity House No. 7" (Odesa) in 2014-2021. 57 women with metabolic syndrome were examined. Anthropometric parameters, basic metabolism, leptin content and lipid profile, frequency of complications of pregnancy and childbirth were evaluated. Statistical processing was carried out by methods of dispersion and correlation analysis using Statistica 13.0 software (TIBCO, USA).
 Research results.
 The average age of the examined women was 27.4±1.1 years. Of them, 16 (28.1%) pregnant women were primiparous, and 41 (71.9%) pregnant women gave birth again. BMI in all women was above 25 kg/m2 (on average 29.2±0.6 kg/m2) with a fat content of 47.3±2.4%. During pregnancy, leptin level was on average 39.3±1.6 ng/ml, LDL content was 1.8±0.1 mmol/l. The presence of metabolic syndrome significantly increased the frequency of obstetric and perinatal complications. The possible relationship between the identified disorders and qualitative changes in the intestinal microbiome is discussed.
 Conclusions:
 
 In women with manifested metabolic syndrome, the course of pregnancy was complicated by preeclampsia in 24.6% of cases, placental dysfunction in 29.8% of cases. The threat of premature birth occurred in 40.4%, gestational diabetes – in 31.6% of women.
 With metabolic syndrome, the frequency of operative delivery increases to 35.1%. The main indications for a cesarean section were a clinically narrow pelvis, a severe form of preeclampsia, and weakness of labor that cannot be corrected with medication.
 During childbirth, women in labor with metabolic syndrome often experience such complications as weakness of labor (19.3%), premature discharge of amniotic fluid (24.6%). The main complication of the postpartum period was subinvolution of the uterus (15.8%).
 Most of the children born had signs of macrosomia, which closely depended on leptin concentration (r=-0.31).
 The proven existence of a strong correlation between the level of leptin production and LDL (rs=0.76).