Abstract
Recurrent pericarditis is pericarditis in which there is evidence of a new pericarditis episode following a symptoms-free period of at least four to six weeks following an initial diagnosis of acute pericarditis. The recurrence rate varies and it can occur in up to half of cases following a first recurrence in patients who receive inadequate treatment. The pathophysiology is controversial. It has been postulated that an infectious agent may trigger an autoimmune or autoinflammatory response in susceptible patients. The diagnostic criteria do not differ greatly from those used to diagnose an initial episode of acute pericarditis and treatment is able to be added to the treatment for the initial episode. However, in the case of multiple recurrences, other treatment options must be taken into account, included glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents and, as a last option, a pericardiectomy.
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