Performance of soybean in hydromorphic and nonhydromorphic soil under irrigated or rainfed conditions

Thiago Schmitz Marques Da Rocha,Mirta Teresinha Petry,Darlan Barlest,Nereu Augusto Streck,Elio Marcolin,Kelin Pribs Bexaira,Alencar Junior Zanon,Eduardo Lago Tagliapietra

doi:10.1590/s0100-204x2017000500002

Thiago Schmitz Marques Da Rocha, Mirta Teresinha Petry + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2017000500002

Copy DOI

Abstract

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate soybean cultivation in a hydromorphic or nonhydromorphic soil, with or without supplemental irrigation. Field experiments were carried out with the TECIRGA 6070RR and A 6411RG cultivars in highlands (nonhydromorphic soils) and lowlands (hydromorphic soils), which are traditionally cultivated with irrigated rice. The following parameters were determined in both soybean cultivars: leaf area index, developmental stages, dry matter partition, and leaf gas exchange. Low water stresses, which commonly occur either by deficit or excess in soybean areas cultivated in hydromorphic soils, do not affect the development and partitioning of dry matter; however, they cause reductions in stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, and leaf area evolution. Growing soybean in lowlands exposes plants to water stress, even in years with well-distributed rainfall during the growing season, due to the low water storage capacity of these soils.

Highlights

One of the first attempts to grow soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] on hydromorphic soils in Southern Brazil began in the mid-twentieth century (Bernardes, 1946)
The soybean area cultivated in rotation with irrigated rice in Rio Grande do Sul increased and consolidated in nearly 280 thousand hectares, due to the improvement of management practices, and the development of tolerant cultivars to soil water excess (Zanon et al, 2015; Instituto Rio Grandense do Arroz (Irga), 2016)
Soybean cultivars used were TECIRGA 6070RR and A 6411RG of relative maturity groups (RMG) of 6.3 and 6.4, which show indeterminate and determinate growth types, respectively. These cultivars were selected because they show similar RMGs, they are widely cultivated in the state of Rio Grande do Sul for having different growth types and, mainly, because 'TECIRGA 6070RR' has a higher tolerance to soil water excess, in comparison to other commercial cultivars (Lange et al, 2013)

Summary

Introduction

One of the first attempts to grow soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] on hydromorphic soils in Southern Brazil began in the mid-twentieth century (Bernardes, 1946). When growing soybean in these areas, water excess and deficit may be more frequent than in nonhydromorphic soils (Thomas & Lange, 2014; Sartori et al, 2016). These water stress periods can result in metabolic changes that directly affect the plant energy balance, and cause a reduction of potential crop productivity (Cornelious et al, 2006)

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion